Chronology

A timeline of the index

The papers gathered here, in the order they were published — a thread running from the foundations of modern physics and genetics to the science of the present day.

1900s

1905
Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper
Physics · Annalen der Physik

1920s

1929
A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
Astronomy & Cosmology · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1929
On the Antibacterial Action of Cultures of a Penicillium, with Special Reference to their Use in the Isolation of B. influenzæ
Medicine · British Journal of Experimental Pathology

1930s

1936
On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem
Mathematics · Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society

1940s

1948
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Computer Science · The Bell System Technical Journal

1950s

1950
Smoking and Carcinoma of the Lung; Preliminary Report
Medicine · British Medical Journal
1952
A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve
Neuroscience · The Journal of Physiology
1953
Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Biology & Genetics · Nature

1960s

1965
A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature at 4080 Mc/s
Astronomy & Cosmology · The Astrophysical Journal
1967
Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity
Earth & Climate Science · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

1970s

1971
The hippocampus as a spatial map. Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat
Neuroscience · Brain Research
1977
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors
Biology & Genetics · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1979
Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk
Economics · Econometrica

1980s

2000s

2001
Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2004
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Chemistry & Materials · Science
2006
Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined Factors
Biology & Genetics · Cell

2010s

2012
A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity
Biology & Genetics · Science
2012
Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Physics · Physics Letters B
2015
Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning
Artificial Intelligence · Nature
2015
Spatially resolved, highly multiplexed RNA profiling in single cells
Biology & Genetics · Science
2015
Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
Artificial Intelligence · ICLR 2015 (3rd International Conference on Learning Representations)
2015
Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift
Artificial Intelligence · ICML 2015 (32nd International Conference on Machine Learning)
2015
Observation of J/ψp Resonances Consistent with Pentaquark States in Λ_b^0 → J/ψK^-p Decays
Physics · Physical Review Letters
2015
Conventional superconductivity at 203 kelvin at high pressures in the sulfur hydride system
Physics · Nature
2015
Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System
Biology & Genetics · Cell
2015
U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation
Artificial Intelligence · Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2015), LNCS vol. 9351, pp. 234-241
2015
Global non-linear effect of temperature on economic production
Economics · Nature
2016
Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search
Artificial Intelligence · Nature
2016
Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
Physics · Physical Review Letters
2016
Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2016
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
Artificial Intelligence · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
2016
Visualization and analysis of gene expression in tissue sections by spatial transcriptomics
Biology & Genetics · Science
2016
Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 60,706 humans
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2016
The China Shock: Learning from Labor-Market Adjustment to Large Changes in Trade
Economics · Annual Review of Economics
2017
Microeconomic Origins of Macroeconomic Tail Risks
Economics · American Economic Review
2017
Massively parallel digital transcriptional profiling of single cells
Biology & Genetics · Nature Communications
2017
Revisiting the social cost of carbon
Economics · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2017
Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry
Biology & Genetics · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
2017
Observation of a discrete time crystal
Physics · Nature
2017
Mortality and Morbidity in the 21st Century
Economics · Brookings Papers on Economic Activity
2017
Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2
Biology & Genetics · Science
2017
The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940
Economics · Science
2017
Attention Is All You Need
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (NeurIPS 2017)
2017
Quantized electric multipole insulators
Physics · Science
2017
Topological quantum chemistry
Physics · Nature
2017
RNA targeting with CRISPR-Cas13
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2017
GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
Physics · Physical Review Letters
2017
Mastering the game of Go without human knowledge
Artificial Intelligence · Nature
2017
Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2017
Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
Physics · Nature
2018
Double/Debiased Machine Learning for Treatment and Structural Parameters
Economics · The Econometrics Journal
2018
Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Biology & Genetics · New England Journal of Medicine
2018
Monetary Policy According to HANK
Economics · American Economic Review
2018
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
Physics · Nature
2018
Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices
Physics · Nature
2018
Distributional National Accounts: Methods and Estimates for the United States
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2018
Generic Machine Learning Inference on Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Randomized Experiments, with an Application to Immunization in India
Economics · NBER Working Paper Series (No. 24678)
2018
Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A
Physics · Science
2018
Observation of Higgs Boson Decay to Bottom Quarks
Physics · Physical Review Letters
2018
The Opportunity Atlas: Mapping the Childhood Roots of Social Mobility
Economics · NBER Working Paper Series
2018
Single-cell transcriptomics of 20 mouse organs creates a Tabula Muris
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2018
The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2018
Global Evidence on Economic Preferences
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2019
Firming Up Inequality
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2019
Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners
Artificial Intelligence · OpenAI Technical Report
2019
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
Physics · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
2019
Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures
Physics · Nature
2019
BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Artificial Intelligence · Proceedings of NAACL-HLT 2019
2019
Comprehensive Integration of Single-Cell Data
Biology & Genetics · Cell
2019
The Effect of Minimum Wages on Low-Wage Jobs
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2019
Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2019
Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor
Physics · Nature

2020s

2020
Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer
Artificial Intelligence · Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR)
2020
Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models
Artificial Intelligence · arXiv
2020
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
Biology & Genetics · Science
2020
The Welfare Effects of Social Media
Economics · American Economic Review
2020
A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2020
Race and Economic Opportunity in the United States: An Intergenerational Perspective
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2020
The Fall of the Labor Share and the Rise of Superstar Firms
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2020
The Rise of Market Power and the Macroeconomic Implications
Economics · The Quarterly Journal of Economics
2020
Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets
Economics · Journal of Political Economy
2020
Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33 (NeurIPS 2020)
2020
Two-Way Fixed Effects Estimators with Heterogeneous Treatment Effects
Economics · American Economic Review
2020
Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters
Physics · Astronomy & Astrophysics
2020
De novo design of picomolar SARS-CoV-2 miniprotein inhibitors
Biology & Genetics · Science
2020
Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33 (NeurIPS 2020)
2020
Quantum computational advantage using photons
Physics · Science
2020
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
Medicine · New England Journal of Medicine
2021
The Macroeconomics of Microfinance
Economics · The Review of Economic Studies
2021
Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision
Artificial Intelligence · Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2021)
2021
Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm
Physics · Physical Review Letters
2021
An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale
Artificial Intelligence · ICLR 2021 (9th International Conference on Learning Representations)
2021
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
Artificial Intelligence · Nature
2021
Accurate prediction of protein structures and interactions using a three-track neural network
Biology & Genetics · Science
2021
Highly accurate protein structure prediction for the human proteome
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2021
Effective gene expression prediction from sequence by integrating long-range interactions
Biology & Genetics · Nature Methods
2021
The Macroeconomics of Epidemics
Economics · The Review of Financial Studies
2021
Difference-in-Differences with Multiple Time Periods
Economics · Journal of Econometrics
2021
Realizing topologically ordered states on a quantum processor
Physics · Science
2022
High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models
Artificial Intelligence · IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2022
2022
Imperfect Competition, Compensating Differentials, and Rent Sharing in the US Labor Market
Economics · American Economic Review
2022
Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion
Physics · Nature
2022
Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35 (NeurIPS 2022)
2022
Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35 (NeurIPS 2022)
2022
Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models
Artificial Intelligence · Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)
2022
The complete sequence of a human genome
Biology & Genetics · Science
2022
LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models
Artificial Intelligence · International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2022)
2022
A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km s−1 Mpc−1 Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
Physics · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
2022
Social Capital I: Measurement and Associations with Economic Mobility
Economics · Nature
2023
LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Artificial Intelligence · arXiv preprint (arXiv:2302.13971)
2023
GPT-4 Technical Report
Artificial Intelligence · arXiv
2023
Segment Anything
Artificial Intelligence · IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
2023
A draft human pangenome reference
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2023
The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-wave Background
Physics · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
2023
De novo design of protein structure and function with RFdiffusion
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2024
Logical quantum processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays
Physics · Nature
2024
Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3
Biology & Genetics · Nature
2024
Spectroscopic confirmation of two luminous galaxies at a redshift of 14
Physics · Nature
2025
Quantum error correction below the surface code threshold
Physics · Nature