Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
K. S. Novoselov, A. K. Geim, S. V. Morozov · Novoselov, Geim, Morozov, Jiang, Zhang, Dubonos, Grigorieva & Firsov
Summary
This paper demonstrated that atomically thin, monocrystalline graphitic films—down to a single atomic layer (graphene)—can be isolated, are stable under ambient conditions, and are of high crystalline and electronic quality. The authors showed that these films behave as a two-dimensional semimetal with a small overlap between valence and conduction bands and exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect, with charge-carrier concentrations up to 10¹³ cm⁻² and room-temperature mobilities of about 10,000 cm²/V·s tunable by a gate voltage. The work launched the experimental field of two-dimensional materials and underpinned the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Geim and Novoselov.
Key findings
- Isolated stable atomically thin carbon films, including single-layer graphene, with high crystalline quality.
- Showed the films are a two-dimensional semimetal exhibiting a strong, gate-tunable ambipolar electric field effect.
- Measured high room-temperature carrier mobilities (~10,000 cm²/V·s) and carrier densities up to 10¹³ cm⁻².
Subjects & keywords
Cite this paper
K. S. Novoselov, A. K. Geim, & S. V. Morozov [Novoselov, Geim, Morozov, Jiang, Zhang, Dubonos, Grigorieva & Firsov] (2004). Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102896
@article{novoselov2004electric,
author = {K. S. Novoselov and A. K. Geim and S. V. Morozov and {Novoselov, Geim, Morozov, Jiang, Zhang, Dubonos, Grigorieva & Firsov}},
title = {Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films},
journal = {Science},
year = {2004},
doi = {10.1126/science.1102896},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102896}
}