Keyword

neighborhood effects

2 papers tagged “neighborhood effects”

EconomicsThe Quarterly Journal of Economics · May 2020 Open access

Race and Economic Opportunity in the United States: An Intergenerational Perspective

Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Maggie R. Jones and Sonya R. Porter

Using de-identified longitudinal data covering nearly the entire U.S. population, the authors study racial and ethnic differences in intergenerational income mobility. They find persistent black-white income gaps driven primarily by differences among men, while black and white women have similar outcomes conditional on parental income. They show neighborhood and family-background factors explain little of the gap, which persists even within the same neighborhoods.

economic mobility race intergenerational mobility racial disparities

EconomicsNBER Working Paper Series · Oct 2018 Open access

The Opportunity Atlas: Mapping the Childhood Roots of Social Mobility

Raj Chetty, John N. Friedman, Nathaniel Hendren, Maggie R. Jones and Sonya R. Porter

The authors link anonymized federal tax records to census data to estimate children's adult outcomes by the neighborhood in which they grew up, at the Census-tract level for the entire United States. They build the Opportunity Atlas, showing that mobility varies enormously even between adjacent tracts and that childhood environment causally shapes later outcomes. The data reveal which specific neighborhoods foster upward mobility and identify correlates such as poverty rates, family structure, and racial composition.

intergenerational mobility neighborhood effects social mobility administrative data